Referencing/citation with Discovery Library
Referencing supports the intellectual property rights of others’ work. Therefore, when we use other people’s idea and work, we need to acknowledge it and cite and reference the information. In an academic context, if we do not follow the rule, the action will be considered as plagiarism or academic dishonesty, and we will be penalised.
Copying or paraphrasing someone else’s work without referencing is the common type of plagiarism and academic dishonesty for college and university students. Students must acknowledge any type of information, ideas, word, study findings, statistics, diagrams, graphs, photos, for their assignments. Referencing also helps readers to find the link to the original work.
While there are different referencing systems for publications, AIBT selected American Psychological Association (APA) referencing system, as the APA referencing system is commonly recommended for college and university students. We use APA’s latest version of the publication manual, APA 6th edition, and it will be updated when a new version is available. APA has two elements, in-text citation and referencing. When you directly quote or paraphrase someone else’s work, we must use in-text citation within the body of text and its detailed reference should be listed at the end of the document.
The first action to reference the information is to insert in-text citation in your work. In-text citations are important as an author of the original work will be informed to readers. In-text citations are also important as it helps to increase the trustworthiness of information and the credibility of your arguments in the text to the readers. There are several rules for using in-text citations.
Helgesson and Eriksson (2015, p. 100) suggested that “plagiarism should be understood as ‘‘using someone else’s intellectual product (such as texts, ideas, or results), thereby implying that it is their own’’”.
The action using someone else’s intellectual product without acknowledging their work is plagiarism (Helgesson & Eriksson, 2015).
All references cited in the text must be included in the reference list, and the list must be placed at the end of the document. The APA reference contains detailed information which could include author, date and title, and other information specific to journals articles, digital object identifier (DOI), or page numbers. There are several rules for a reference list.
Broadbent, J., & Laughlin, R. (2013). Accounting control and controlling accounting: Interdisciplinary and critical perspectives (1st ed.). Bingley, United Kingdom: Emerald.
Moser, D. V., & Martin, P. R. (2012). A broader perspective on corporate social responsibility research in accounting. The Accounting Review, 87(3), 797-806. doi:10.2308/accr-10257
It is compulsory for AIBT students to provide accurate citations and references in their assignments. The Discovery Library provides the students with the guidance of where to find the information about the citations and references, and the tools of how to apply proper citation and referencing systems. Once students are familiar with the system, it is so easy to format and manage it. Followings are some examples of the sources and the tools available for AIBT students.
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AIBT provides different types of resources for students. These resources include AIBT learner books and workbooks, PowerPoint slides (e.g., lecture note), class handouts (e.g., readings) and personal communications (e.g., consultations). All AIBT resources mentioned above are required to be cited accurately. The information on how to reference AIBT resources can be found in Section 2.2 to 2.6.
The general rules of an in-text citation are also applied for AIBT resources. The first action to reference the information from AIBT resources is to insert in-text citations in our work. An in-text citation is important as an author of the original work (or copyright) will be acknowledged. An in-text citation is also important as it helps to increase the trustworthiness of the information we use and the credibility of the arguments in our work. There are several rules for using in-text citations.
Note: when a direct quotation is used, the author’s last name (or responsible organisation), the publication year and the page number must be presented in the in-text citation. When there is no page number, we use a paragraph number. The double-quotation marks should be used to set off a direct quote.
Note: when we paraphrase or summarise the ideas of AIBT learner book and workbook, the author’s last name (or responsible organisation), and the publication year must be presented in the in-text citation.
AIBT uses customised learner book and workbook created for the specific course units. The learner book and workbook are regularly updated, so please pay attention to the version numbers of your learning materials. When an author name is displayed on the learner book and workbook, use author name. When the author name is not available, use AIBT Global. When the year is not available, use “n.d.”. Include the version number of the learnings material, if available.
The general rules of an in-text citation in Section 2.3 PowerPoint slides (lecture note) are the same as those in Section 2.2: AIBT Global Learner book and workbook.
Figure 2.1: PowerPoint slides with no author
Note: as shown above, when the author name is not available, use AIBT Global.
Figure 2.2: PowerPoint slides with the author
Note: when an author name is displayed on the PowerPoint slide, use author name. When the year is not available, use “n.d.”. Include the version number as a part of the title of PowerPoint presentation.
AIBT Global provides students with different types of class handouts. These class handouts include weekly readings, case studies, in-class exercise, and instructions. All AIBT class handouts are required to be cited accurately.
The general rules of an in-text citation in Section 2.4 Class handouts are the same as those in Section 2.2: AIBT Global Learning Materials.
Smith, A. B. (2019). The benefits of digital marketing [Class handout]. Retrieved from https://moodle.aibt.qld.edu.au/my/
An in-text citation is required when referencing the personal communication. Examples of personal communications can be:
(Person’s initial(s). Family name, Description of the medium, Month Day, Year)
Personal communication is not required to include in a reference list.
Table 1: Referencing for AIBT resources: Learning materials
In-text citation | Direct quotation: (AIBT Global, 2019, p1). Others: (AIBT Global, 2019) |
Reference list no author (print)
| Format AIBT Global. (Year). Title of learner book or workbook. Place of Publication: Publisher. Example AIBT Global. (2019). BSBMKG609: Develop a marketing plan (Version 12). Mt. Gravatt, QLD: AIBT Global. |
Reference list | Format AIBT Global. (Year). Title of learner book or workbook. Publisher. Retrieved from URL Example AIBT Global. (2019). BSBMKG609: Develop a marketing plan (Version 12). AIBT Global. Retrieved from https://moodle.aibt.qld.edu.au/my/ |
Reference list | Format Author’s family name, Initial. (2019). Title of learner book or workbook. Place of Publication: Publisher. Example Smith, A. B. (2019). BSBMKG609: Develop a marketing plan (Version 1.5). Mt. Gravatt, QLD: AIBT Global. |
Reference list | Format Author’s family name, Initial. (2019). Title of learner book or workbook. Publisher. Retrieved from URL ExampleSmith, A. B. (2019). BSBMKG609: Develop a marketing plan (Version 1.5). AIBT Global. Retrieved from https://moodle.aibt.qld.edu.au/my/ |
Table 2: Referencing for AIBT resources: PowerPoint slides
In-text citation | Direct quotation: (AIBT Global, 2019, slide 1). Others: (AIBT Global, 2019) |
Reference list | Format AIBT Global. (Year). Title of PowerPoint presentation [Description of medium]. Place of Publication: Publisher. Example AIBT Global. (2019). BSBMKG607: Manage market research (Version 2) [PowerPoint slides]. Mt. Gravatt, QLD: AIBT Global. |
Reference list | Format AIBT Global. (Year). Title of PowerPoint presentation [Description of medium]. Publisher. Retrieved from URL Example AIBT Global. (2019). BSBMKG607: Manage market research (Version 2) [PowerPoint slides]. AIBT Global. Retrieved from https://moodle.aibt.qld.edu.au/my/ |
Reference list | Format Author’s family name, Initial. (Year). Title of PowerPoint presentation [Description of medium]. Place of Publication: Publisher. Example Smith, A. B. (2019). BSBMKG609: Develop a marketing plan (Version 12) [PowerPoint slides]. Mt. Gravatt, QLD: AIBT Global. |
Reference list | Format Author’s family name, Initial. (Year). Title of PowerPoint presentation [Description of medium]. Publisher. Retrieved from URL ExampleSmith, A. B. (2019). Academic writing for AIBT students (Version 1) [PowerPoint slides]. AIBT Global. Retrieved from https://moodle.aibt.qld.edu.au/my/ |
Table 3: Referencing for AIBT resources: Class handouts
In-text citation | Direct quotation: (AIBT Global, 2019, p. 1). Others: (AIBT Global, 2019) |
Reference list
| Format AIBT Global. (Year). Title of handout [Description of medium]. Place of Publication: Publisher. ExampleAIBT Global. (2019). The benefits of digital marketing [Class handout]. Mt. Gravatt, QLD: AIBT Global. |
Reference list | Format AIBT Global. (Year). Title of handout [Description of medium]. Retrieved from URL Example Smith, A. B. (2019). The benefits of digital marketing [Class handout]. Retrieved from https://moodle.aibt.qld.edu.au/my/ |
Reference list | Format Author’s family name, Initial. Title of handout [Description of medium]. Place of Publication: Publisher. Example Smith, A. B. (2019). The benefits of digital marketing [Class handout]. Mt. Gravatt, QLD: AIBT Global. |
Reference list | Format Author’s family name, Initial. Title of handout [Description of medium]. Retrieved from URL Example Smith, A. B. (2019). The benefits of digital marketing [Class handout]. Retrieved from https://moodle.aibt.qld.edu.au/my/ |
Table 4: Referencing for AIBT resources: Personal communication
In-text citation | Format (Person’s initial(s). Family name, Description of the medium, Month Day, Year) Example Professor A. B. Smith (personal communication, October 24, 2019) highlighted that There are three major challenges for the Tasmanian Abalone industry (A. B. Smith, personal communication, October 24, 2019). |
Reference list | Personal communications are not required to include in a reference list. |
The general rules of an in-text citation are also applied for printed books. See Introduction to referencing section for the rules.
When direct quotation, word-for-word materials, is used directly from someone else’s work, the author’s last name, the publication year and the page number must appear in the in-text citation. The double-quotation marks should be used to set off a direct quote.
When you paraphrase or summarise someone else’s ideas or piece of work in your words, the author’s last name and the publication year must appear in the in-text citation.
The general rules of an in-text citation are also applied for ebooks. See Introduction to referencing section for the rules.
When you paraphrase or summarise someone else’s ideas or piece of work in your words, the author’s last name and the publication year must appear in the in-text citation.
Provide the DOI when it is available.
Provide the home page URL of the book publisher, when DOI is not available.
Pecorari, D. (2010). Academic writing and plagiarism: A linguistic analysis. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral.proquest.com
The general rules of an in-text citation are also applied for this section (See Introduction to referencing).
After the author’s name, year, and the title, begin with the editors’ initials of the first and middle name followed by the surnames, surname, title of the book, the page, city, state: publisher.
The general rules of an in-text citation are also applied for this section (See Introduction to referencing).
After the author’s name, year, and the title, begin with the editors’ initials of the first and middle name followed by the surnames, surname, title of the book, the page, and DOI.
After the author’s name, year, and the title, begin with the editors’ initials of the first and middle name followed by the surnames, surname, title of the book, the page, and URL.
If the ebook is from e-reader (e.g. EBL) or platform (e.g. Kindle), place the type within square brackets after the title (or page) and before URL.
There are unique rules for referencing dictionary and encyclopaedia.
